Abstract
Background: Metabolic syndrome is a major public health concern, often exacerbated by patients’ difficulty in adhering to restrictive diets. This study proposes an innovative dietary approach by developing low-glycemic-index biscuits specifically formulated to support the management of this condition.
Methods: The phytochemical-enriched formulations were produced using composite flours of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.)) (60 – 65%), carrot (Daucus carota subsp. sativus) (15 – 30%), and Gnetum africanum Welw. (okok) leaves (10 – 20%), with proportions optimized using Minitab software. Among nine initial formulations, including a wheat-based control formulation, one was selected based on its superior nutritional and sensory properties. The biological efficacy of formulations was evaluated in vivo by feeding Wistar rats with biscuits for 28 days. Parameters associated with metabolic syndrome were assessed.
Results: It appears from the study that revealed that our formulation had significantly higher contents of ash, fiber, and lipids compared to the control formulation. The same formulation also presents significant health benefits, even if not preferred in sensory evaluation. Supplementation of that flour at 10% and 20% in the diet was able to significantly reduce food intake (p < 0.05), lower LDL cholesterol, and increase HDL cholesterol levels, and significantly decrease triglyceride levels. Additionally, an anti-inflammatory effect has been observed. Both doses significantly reduced postprandial glycemic peaks.
Conclusion: These findings suggest that the formulated biscuits have strong potential for consumer acceptance and provide high energy value. Their nutritional composition and observed biological effects highlight their potential as a functional dietary strategy for the management of metabolic syndrome.
Keywords: Daucus carota subsp Sativus; Formulation; Functional food; Gnetum africanum; Ipomoea batatas and Metabolic syndrome.
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