Abstract
Background: Allium cepa (Onion) is widely used as a flavored vegetable in various types of foods and against urinary system disorders, ear disorders, and injuries. Syzygium Aromaticum (clove) is used as a local anesthetic, also used against pain, rheumatological, and antioxidant problems. This study aimed to show the protective effects of the aqueous extract of the mixture of Onion and clove in the occurrence of a joint pathology such as osteoarthrosis.
Methods: The animals were previously treated for two weeks with the aqueous extract (100 and 200 mg/kg) with the mixture of Allium cepa bulbs and Syzygium aromaticum spices, osteoarthrosis was induced with monoiodacetate (50 µL, intraarticular). Clinical, oxidative stress, inflammation, hematological and histological parameters were evaluated.
Results: The mixture of Allium cepa bulbs and Syzygium aromaticum spices (200 mg/kg) protected the animals against the increase of sensitivity (80.78 %) and the swelling in the paw (85.27 %). Pre-treatment with the mixture of Allium cepa bulbs and Syzygium aromaticum spices has significantly protected animals by improving their locomotion. This mixture has prevented the negative variation of hematological parameters. Antioxidant effects were observed with an increase in SOD, CAT activity, GSH concentration, and reduction of MDA, NO levels. The mixture administered orally, preventively showed an anti-inflammatory effect by significantly reducing TNF-α, IL-1β, MMP9 concentrations, and MPO activity. In animals pretreated with the mixture, the knee joint appears healthy, thus showing a protective effect of the extract.
Conclusion: The mixture of Allium cepa bulbs and Aromaticum syzygium spices is a constituent worthy of more in-depth study to determine whether it effectively modulates the complex inflammatory pathology of osteoarthritis according to its multiple multi-component actions.
Keywords: Allium cepa; Syzygium aromaticum; locomotion; monoiodacetate.
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