Effect of a phytochemical-enriched functional food formulation from Ipomoea batatas, Daucus carota subsp. sativus, and Gnetum africanum on metabolic syndrome in Wistar Rats

-Clautilde Teugwa Mofor; Archimede Koumagueyeng; Denis Zofou; Florian Amel Tekou; and Jean Paul Dzoyem

Abstract Background: Metabolic syndrome is a major public health concern, often exacerbated by patients’ difficulty in adhering to restrictive diets. This study proposes an innovative dietary approach by developing low-glycemic-index biscuits specifically formulated to support the management of this condition. Methods: The phytochemical-enriched formulations were produced using composite flours of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.)) (60 - 65%), carrot (Daucus carota subsp. sativus) (15 - ...

Phyllanthus muellerianus Kuntze exell (Euphorbiaceae) improves maternal reproductive outcomes, fetal growth, and modulates placental oxidative stress/inflammation in a rat model of intrauterine growth restriction

-Henderson Herris Karl Zeugang Ngombeu; Aubrile Julie Ndomgang; Georges Roméo Bonsou Fozin; Mama Sy; Prechmy Carole Ngueyong Nsamou; Aimé Césaire Momo Tetsatsi; and Pierre Watcho

Abstract Background: Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is associated with placental oxidative stress and inflammation, contributing to poor pregnancy outcomes. Phyllanthus muellerianus is a medicinal plant rich in bioactive compounds with reported antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. This study investigated the effects of Phyllanthus muellerianus extracts in a rat model of chronic restraint stress (CRS)-induced IUGR. Methods: Thirty-five pregnant rats were exposed to CRS (6h/da...

Nanoemulsions of Canarium schweinfurthii sap and Dacryodes edulis kernel essential oils: Chemical profile and in vitro efficacy against diarrheagenic bacteria

-Jaurès Arnaud Noumedem Kenfack; Vincent Ngouana; Doriane E. Djeussi; Joel Nanda Kamassop; and Pierre Michel Jazet Dongmo.

Abstract Background: The objective of this study was to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial activity of nanoemulsions based on the essential oils of Canarium schweinfurthii and Dacryodes edulis against enteric bacteria responsible for diarrhea. Methods: The essential oils were extracted by the hydrodistillation method using a Clevenger-type apparatus, and the chemical composition was determined by gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID) and gas chromatography (GC) coup...

Investigating the ethanolic extract of Desmodium uncinatum as a natural protector in streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy in Wistar rats

-Jordane W. Kamgaing; Sylviane L. K. Poualeu; Moïse L. Nchouwet; Lylie G. M. Atsafack; Rostand C. D. Douho; and Sylvie L. N. Wansi

Abstract Background: Diabetic nephropathy is a severe microvascular complication of type 1 diabetes, often leading to chronic kidney disease. This study aimed to evaluate the renoprotective effects of the ethanolic extract of Desmodium uncinatum (EEDU) on renal dysfunction in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Methods: Type 1 diabetes was induced in male rats via intraperitoneal injection of a single dose of streptozotocin (STZ) at 60 mg/kg. After 72 hours, only animals with blood gluc...

Acute and subchronic toxicity of the aqueous extract of Bauhinia thonningii (Caesalpiniaceae) Schum pods

-Rick P.T. Bitchebe; Moïse L. Nchouwet; Sylviane L.K. Poualeu; Liliane M.T. Tchoumba; Marius T. K. Wego; Rostand C.D. Douho; and Sylvie L. N. Wansi.

Abstract Background: Bauhinia thonningii is traditionally used to treat bacterial infections, dysentery, and diarrhea. The present study aimed to evaluate the acute and subchronic toxicity of the aqueous extract of B. thonningii pods. Methods: Acute toxicity was evaluated according to Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) guideline 423 in Wistar rats receiving single oral doses of 2000 or 5000 mg/kg of the aqueous extract. Subchronic toxicity was assessed...

Evaluation of anti-staphylococcal activity and acute toxicity of hexane extracts of Macaranga occidentalis (Mull. Arg.) Mull. Arg (Euphobiaceae)

-Prosper E. K. Lele; Soreille R. Y. Sofeu; Aimé G. Fankam; Jason B. T. Kuete; Remi R. Nsatar; and Victor Kuete.

Abstract Background: Macaranga occidentalis is well known in traditional medicine for the treatment of various ailments like bruises, boils, cuts, sores, and diarrhea. This study aimed to investigate in vitro and in vivo the anti-staphylococcal activity of Macaranga occidentalis extracts on selected Staphylococcus aureus, including multidrug resistance (MDR) isolates. Moreover, the acute toxicity of the active extract was assessed. Methods: Extracts were prepared by maceration of M. occid...

Assessment of in vivo acute, subacute toxicity, in vitro anti-plasmodial activity, and UPLC-ESI-QToF-MS/MS prediction of Annickia affinis (Exell) Versteegh & Sosef (Annonaceae) roots extract

-Jean Emmanuel Mbosso Teinkela; Jaures Arnaud Noumedem Kenfack; Philippe Belle Ebanda Kedi; Elvira Tachie Mekjele; Thierry Fokou Nzodjou; Noella Molisa Efange; Lawrence Ayong; Else Carole Eboumbou Moukoko; Giselle Marie Marguerite Etamè Loe; and Simone Veronique Fannang.

Abstract Background: Annickia affinis is a medicinal plant widely used in African traditional medicine to treat various diseases, including malaria. This study aimed to evaluate the toxicological profile, chemical composition, and antiplasmodial activity of the ethanolic (EtOH) root extract of Annickia affinis. Methods: Acute (14-day) and subacute (28-day) toxicity studies were conducted in accordance with guidelines 423 and 407 of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Developmen...

Synergistic antibacterial activity of Erigeron floribundus extracts combined with erythromycin against multidrug-resistant bacteria

-Vincent Ngouana; Mado Solange Ngo Yane; Patrick Valere Tsouh Fokou; Germaine Matsuete Takongmo; Boniface Pone Kamdem; Jean Polidor Nguetsa Demafo; Prisca Laure Nobosse Pewoupa; and Jean-De-Dieu Tamokou.

Abstract Background: This research assessed the in vitro antibacterial activity of Erigeron floribundus extracts against multidrug-resistant bacterial strains and explored their potential to enhance the effectiveness of standard antibiotics through synergistic combinations. Methods: Leaf, stem, and root crude extracts of E. floribundus were obtained using methanol and ethyl acetate. Major phytochemical groups (total phenols, flavonoids, tannins, saponins) were quantified. The antimicrobia...

Antidiabetic and antioxidant potential of powder blend of Vigna subterranea, Curcuma longa, and Piper nigrum in streptozotocin-induced rats

-Clautilde Teugwa Mofor; Efraїm Allah-Hissem; Denis Zofou; Florian Amel Tekou; and Jean Paul Dzoyem.

Abstract Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycemia and frequently associated with oxidative stress and metabolic complications. The present study evaluated the antidiabetic and antioxidant potential of a powder blend composed of Vigna subterranea, Curcuma longa, and Piper nigrum in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Methods: A mixture design approach was used to optimize the formulation of the powder blend based on total phe...

Prevalence of asymptomatic carriage of plasmodium falciparum among blood donors at the Biyem-Assi District Hospital in Yaounde, Cameroon

-Jaures Arnaud Noumedem Kenfack; Doriane Esther Djeussi; Cedric Yamssi; Cunegonde Kouogoue Fobasso; Jemimah Sandra Tientcheu Noutong; Abdel Azizi Mounvera; and Christelle Nadia Noumedem Anangmo.

Abstract Background: Malaria is transmitted by the bite of a female Anopheles mosquito, interhuman (transplacental), and by blood transfusion. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of Plasmodium parasitemia among blood donors at the Biyem-Assi district hospital in Yaounde. Methods: This was a descriptive and analytical study conducted on 267 blood donors recruited at the blood bank of the Biyem-Assi District Hospital over 3 months, from February to May 2024. To obtain the fr...