Antidiabetic and antioxidant potential of powder blend of Vigna subterranea, Curcuma longa, and Piper nigrum in streptozotocin-induced rats

-Clautilde Teugwa Mofor; Efraїm Allah-Hissem; Denis Zofou; Florian Amel Tekou; and Jean Paul Dzoyem.

Abstract Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycemia and frequently associated with oxidative stress and metabolic complications. The present study evaluated the antidiabetic and antioxidant potential of a powder blend composed of Vigna subterranea, Curcuma longa, and Piper nigrum in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Methods: A mixture design approach was used to optimize the formulation of the powder blend based on total phe...

Prevalence of asymptomatic carriage of plasmodium falciparum among blood donors at the Biyem-Assi District Hospital in Yaounde, Cameroon

-Cunegonde Kouogoue Fobasso; Doriane Esther Djeussi; Jaures Arnaud Noumedem Kenfack; Cedric Yamssi; Jemimah Sandra Tientcheu Noutong; Abdel Azizi Mounvera; and Christelle Nadia Noumedem Anangmo.

Abstract Background: Malaria is transmitted by the bite of a female Anopheles mosquito, interhuman (transplacental), and by blood transfusion. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of Plasmodium parasitemia among blood donors at the Biyem-Assi district hospital in Yaounde. Methods: This was a descriptive and analytical study conducted on 267 blood donors recruited at the blood bank of the Biyem-Assi District Hospital over 3 months, from February to May 2024. To obtain the fr...

Nanodrugs therapy for combating antimicrobial resistance: a review on green silver nanoparticles

-Israel O. David; Samson O. Alayande; Enock O. Dare; Fatai O. Oladoyinbo; Gabriel A. Adedeji; and Abel A. Babatunde

Abstract Background: A nanotechnology-based approach offers researchers an opportunity to address the challenges of antimicrobial resistance. In this review, we summarize the antimicrobial properties, mechanisms, current synthesis trends, and limitations of green silver nanoparticles. Methods: The review examines a wide range of scientific databases, such as ScienceDirect, Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science, to assess the effectiveness, mechanisms of action, and synthesis ...

Investigation of heavy and trace metals contamination in palm wine and locally brewed alcohol from the Ashanti Region of Ghana

-Moses Atosiko Agbala; Joseph Kwasi Adu; and John Nii Adotey Addotey.

Abstract Background: Palm wine and locally produced alcoholic beverages are widely consumed in rural communities in Africa, due to their perceived health benefits. However, their safety regarding heavy and trace metal contamination is lacking, particularly in Ghana. This study quantitatively assessed heavy-metal contamination in fresh palm wine (FPW), fermented palm wine (FEPW), freshly brewed alcohol (FAL), and stored alcohol (SAL) from 5 brewing sites in the Ashanti region of Ghana. Met...

Pharmacological and molecular insights into β-glucan-rich Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii: In vivo and in silico protection against arsenic-induced redox and hematologic imbalance

-Moses Blessing Thomas; Muankang Junior Tegha Kum; Orhonigbe Innocent; Ozougwu Vincent; Ogara Amaechi; Ugwuene Francis; Agwu Linus, Uhuo Emmanuel; Achi Ngozi; Onoyima Samson; Onoja Remiguis; Ike Mmesoma; and Parker Elijah Joshua.

Abstract Background: Arsenic toxicity remains a major environmental and pharmacological concern in sub-Saharan Africa, with limited safe antidotes. Chronic exposure induces oxidative stress, hematologic dysfunction, and multi-organ injury through redox imbalance. Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii (SCb), a β-glucan-rich probiotic yeast, possesses antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties that may mitigate arsenic toxicity. This study combined in vivo and in silico approaches to elucid...

Cardioprotective effects of hydroalcoholic extract from Cinnamomum zeylanicum stem bark against isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in rats

-Albert Donatien Atsamo; Mireille Flaure Metchi Donfack; Gwladys Nyanga Nkomo; Marius Mbiantcha; Fidèle Ntchapda; and Théophile Dimo.

Abstract Background: The pharmacological properties of Cinnamomum zeylanicum have been predominantly explored in the context of cardiovascular diseases. Given its well-established anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, this study aimed to evaluate the cardioprotective potential of the hydroalcoholic extract of Cinnamomum zeylanicum barks (HECZ) against isoproterenol (ISO) induced cardiotoxicity. Methods: Rats were pre-treated with HECZ (200 - 400 mg/kg, p.o.) or 100 mg/kg of vitami...

Chemical profiling, molecular docking, and ADMET evaluation of Bougainvillea formosa stem and root barks essential oils

-Oluwakayode Olubunmi Odeja; Israel Azogor Ekoro; Michael Gabriel Ibok; Ejike Onwudiegwu Okpala; Christiana Ene Ogwuche; Honesty Bamidele Akpeji; and Caleb Ohirhian

Abstract Background: Essential oils have been recognized for their pharmaceutical applications as natural antioxidants. A combination of experimental and theoretical analyses was conducted on Bougainvillea formosa (B. formosa) stem and root barks essential oils. Methods: The essential oils obtained through hydro-distillation were identified and quantified using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and were found to exhibit different compositions. The antioxidant capacity of the es...

Ethanolic leaf extracts of Uvariondendron Calophyllum: investigations on acute and subacute oral toxicity

-Elisabeth Menkem Zeuko’o; Rufin Marie Toghueo Kuipou; Vincent Ngouana; Michele Stella Majoumouo; Rodrigue Keumoe; Gaël Siwe Tchokomeni; and Fabrice Fekam Boyom

Abstract Background: Uvariodendrion calophyllum is used in traditional medicine for the treatment of infectious diseases and has been shown to possess some biological properties. This study aims to assess the acute and subacute toxicological profile of the ethanolic leaf extract of Uvariodendron calophyllum (UCL EtoH). Methods: The acute and subacute toxicity experiments on mice were done following the OECD 425 and OECD 407 standards. In the investigation on acute toxicity, mice...

Targeting larvae and odorant-binding proteins for mosquito control: Experimental and in-silico investigations of Schiff bases containing aminophenol moiety

-Felicia Ndidi Ejiah; Fouad Abidemi Adetoro; Oluwabusola Folake Lawal; Mujeeb Olarewaju Rofiu.

Abstract Background: Controlling mosquitoes is crucial for public health globally. Presently, the emphasis is on transitioning from conventional insecticides to viable alternatives such as larvicide options. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of two Schiff base compounds as larvicides and repellents for mosquito control. Methods: The stock solution of two Schiff base compounds (Z)-2-((2-hydroxybenzylidene)amino)phenol (MO) and (Z)-4-bromo-2-(((2-hydroxyphenyl)imino)methyl)-phe...

Combining extracts of Zingiber officinale rhizomes and dried fruits of Tetrapleura tetraptera improve oxidative stress and hematological profiles, reduces joint inflammation and hyperalgesia after carrageenan injection in rat joints

-Marcelle Djami Bejoutance; Danielle Claude Bilanda: William Yousseu Nana; Francis Desire Bomba Tatsinkou; Albert Donatien Atsamo; Stéphanie Flore Djuichou Nguemnang; Marcelle Olga Feigni Youyou; Jovanie Destin Bakouatche; Miariam Flore Kana; Marius Mbiantcha; Gilbert Ateufack; Paul Desiré Dzeufiet Djomeni.

Abstract Background: Zingiber officinale and Tetrapleura tetraptera are recognized and widely used for medicinal and nutritional qualities. The study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory properties of the mixture of the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Zingiber officinale and Tetrapleura tetraptera. Methods: Joint inflammation induced by carrageenan (3%), the clinical signs of inflammation (paw edema) and pain (mechanical hyperalgesia and tactile allodynia), biochemical, hematological...